Thermodynamics

Presentation

This curricular unit belongs to the curricular plan of this 1st cycle degree, whose concepts taught are important for the acquisition of knowledge of subsequent curricular units.

This course aims to provide students with fundamental knowledge of thermodynamics and heat transfer. The basic principles of thermodynamics and its mathematical formulation will be developed, as well as some of the main applications. More specifically, concepts related to pure substances, the 1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics and the power and cooling cycles will be given. The basics of heat transfer processes will also be covered.

Programme

Environmental Engineering

Level of Qualification|Semesters|ECTS

| Semestral | 5

Year | Type of course unit | Language

2 |Mandatory |Português

Code

ULP287-30

Recommended complementary curricular units

none

Professional Internship

Não

Syllabus

UNITS AND CONVERSIONS

CONCEPTS: Thermodynamic system. State and transformations. Forms of energy. Specific heat

PURE SUBSTANCE: behavior and properties of a pure substance; the ideal-gas equation of state

1st LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS: energy transfer in the form of heat and work; energy balances; internal energy and enthalpy

2nd LAW AND ENTROPY: thermal engines; Kelvin-Planck statement; efficiency of thermal machines; reversible processes. Carnot cycle; the quality of energy. Clausius inequality; entropy; isentropic efficiency

POWER AND REFRIGERATION CYCLES: Rankine, Otto, Diesel and Brayton cycles; vapor compression refrigeration cycle; heat pumps

HEAT TRANSFER: Conduction: Fourier's Law; conductivity and thermal resistance. Convection: Newton's law of cooling; convection transfer coefficient. Radiation: Stefan-Boltzmann's Law; overall heat transfer coefficient. Lumped system analysis.

Objectives

At the end of this course, the student should be able to:

Know de behavior and properties of pure substances.

Analyze P-T and P-V diagrams.

Understand the basic concepts of energy, work and heat.

Know and be able to use the 1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics, as well as related concepts.

Command the notion of entropy and connected thermodynamic relations.

Know the principles of some energy transformation systems.

Know the different forms of heat transfer.

Develop a structured reasoning in the formulation and solution of heat transfer problems.

Teaching methodologies and assessment

Teaching Methodology:

Encourage participation and restore student initiative in the educational process of their own formation. The structure of the sessions is divided into theoretical sessions, using the expository and interactive method or presentation of subjects by audiovisual means and practical sessions, where the students are confronted with problems / situations, to be carried out individually or in a group, with the help of the teacher, where they can apply the acquired knowledge. The student / teacher relationship becomes much more favorable in these sessions once the appropriate conditions for greater participation in the classroom are met, allowing and stimulating a closer relationship between teacher and students.

Evaluation:

Continuous, in accordance with the ULP Knowledge Assessment Regulations.

References

- Cengel, Y.A. & Boles, M.A. (2001). Termodinâmica. Portugal: McGraw-Hill.

- Incropera, F. P., Dewitt, D. P., Bergamn, T.L., Lavine, A. S. (2008). Fundamentos de Transferência de Calor e Massa, 6ª edição, GEN, LTC.

- Diversos textos de apoio a fornecer ao longo das sessões.

Office Hours